RUBBER
Diene elastomers playing a crucial role in many fields of use possess a frontal position in our offer.
Elasticity is the key feature of these materials, corresponding to low glass transition temperature (mostly below 0°C). Thanks to vulcanization process, which consists of developing a spatial network of each individual macromolecules, profound rubber properties are obtained. For this purpose, chemical structure of polydiene backbone chains is used in crosslinking reactions, due to the presence of unsaturated bonds. To carry our curing of the rubber, reactive sulfur atoms must be involved. However, this radical nature process is usually slow, thus has to be accelerated by organic catalysts and activators like metal oxides (i.e. ZnO). Vulcanizate having up to 4% wt. of sulfur retains pristine rubber matrix elasticity, but further crosslinking yields to products of substancial hardness and high degree of double bonds saturation.
On account of huge reactivity of unsaturated bonds present in rubbers, the latter must be stabilized against negative influence of external factors. Technically, appropriate content of antioxidants, antiozonants and UV stabilizers is capable of delaying so-called rubber aging, which leads to gradual decrease in elasticity and bursting of the goods.
Natural rubber (NR)
Commercial NR is derived from certified crops of Hevea brasiliensis trees, as well as from vast number of rubber plants species. In case of the trees, after the cultivation the bark is tapped by harvestrs and tacky, milky fluid called latex is collected. Latex is subsequently coagulated with acid, that precipitates cis-polyisoprene polymer, which has to be washed in water and after further processing formed into slabs (briquettes).
Amongst innumerable applications of NR obtained by precipitation, one should mention vulcanizated rubber goods (used in tire, automotive, leathery, footwear and technical industries) and glues (NR in hydrocarbon solvents).
| Parameter | TSR 5 | TSR 10 | TSR 20 | L/3L/5L | 10 CV | 20 CV | CV50/CV60 | Test method |
| Colour coding, marker | Green | Brown | Red | Green | Brązowy | Czerwony | Zielony | – |
| Dirt, % max. | 0,05 | 0,08-0,10 | 0,16-0,20 | 0,02/0,03/0,04 | 0,08 | 0,16 | 0,02 | ASTM D 1278 ISO 249 |
| Ash content, % max. | 0,60 | 0,75 | 1,0 | 0,50 | 0,75 | 1,0 | 0,5 | ASTM D 1278 ISO 247-1 |
| Volatile matter, % max. | 0,80 | 0,80 | 0,80 | 0,80 | 0,80 | 0,80 | 0,80 | ASTM D 1278 ISO 248-1 |
| Initial Wallace plasticity, (Po) min. | 30 | 30 | 30 | 35 | 30 | 30 | – | ISO 2007 |
| Plasticity Retention Index PRI, min. | 60 | 50 | 40 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 60 | ISO 2930 |
| Lovibond colour index, max. | 6 | ISO 4660 | ||||||
| Mooney Viscosity, ML | 60 (±5) | 60 (±5) | 50/60 (±5) | ISO 289-1 | ||||
| Nitrogen content, % max. | 0,60 | 0,60 | 0,60 | 0,60 | 0,60 | 0,60 | 0,60 | ISO 1656 |
RSS – Ribbed Smoked Sheet natural rubber of RSS1 to RSS5 grades is available on request.
Synthetic rubber (SBR)
Styrene is one of the most reactive comonomers applied in manufacturing of synthetic rubbers, especially prominent of which are these being styrene-butadiene copolymers, abbreviated as SBR. Under typical regime of copolymerization of both, butadiene shows quite huge affinity to styrene, but with just a little tendency to giving an alternating structure simultaneously. Frequently, SBR synthesis is conducted by emulsion copolymerization in excess of styrene. Free of inhibitors comonomers are dispersed in demineralized water with aid of emulsifying agents (surfactants) and emulsion stabilizers. These in the bulk aqueous phase form multilayer, spatial aggregates called micelles, in which monomers molecules are encapsulated. Polymer chains start to grow inside micelles immediatelly after absorption of free radical initiator generated in aqueous phase. Process is carried out in inert (anaeorbic) atmosphere.
Polsaros Sp. z o.o. offers emulsion rubbers of russian origin known commercially as SKS. Thanks to utilization of state-of-the-art technologies, which give an ability to strictly control the key paremeters of the process, (concentration of the synthesis aid agents, temperature, agitating of the slurry, pH, discharging of the emulsion from the vessel, copolymer removing, drying etc.), rubbers of appropriate degree of polymerization (average molecular weight dispersity) and chemical structure are obtained. Final products are stabilized by pre-selected antioxidants, either staining or non-staining.
SKS-30 ARK / SBR-1500
General-puropose rubber stabilized by non-staining antioxidant. It is widely used in tire, technical rubber, footwear and other applications.
| Parameter | Value | Test method |
| Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 (100°C)* | 46-56 | ASTM D 1646 (par. 7.2.2.) |
| Viscosity spread within a batch, a.u., max.* | 6 | – |
| Volatile matter, %, max. (1 hour)* | 0,8 | ASTM D 5668 |
| Ash content, %, max.* | 0,5 | ASTM D 5667 |
| Bound styrene content, %* | 22,5-24,5 | ASTM D 5775 |
| Antioxidant content (VS-30A or Agidol-30), %* | 1,0-2,0 | Internal method |
| Organic acids content, %* | 5,0-,7,0 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Organic acids soaps content, %, max.* | 0,3 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Rheometric properties** | Value | Test method |
| ML, dNm | 1,8-3,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
| MH, dNm | 15,0-21,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
| ts1, min | 2,2-4,5 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’50, min | 7,0-12,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’90, min | 13,0-21,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
SKS-30 ARKPN / SBR-1502
General-puropose rubber stabilized by non-staining antioxidant. It is widely used in tire, technical rubber and other industries.
| Parameter | Value | Test method |
| Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 (100°C)* | 46-56 | ASTM D 1646 (par. 7.2.2.) |
| Viscosity spread within a batch, a.u., max.* | 6 | – |
| Volatile matter, %, max. (1 hour)* | 0,8 | ASTM D 5668 (met. C) |
| Ash content, %, max.* | 0,6 | ASTM D 5667 (p. A) |
| Bound styrene content, %* | 22-25 | ASTM D 5775 |
| Antioxidant content (VS-30A or Agidol-30), %* | 1,0-2,0 | Internal method |
| Organic acids content, %* | 5,0-7,0 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Organic acids soaps content, %, max.* | 0,3 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Rheometric properties** | Value | Test method |
| ML, dNm | 1,8-3,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
| MH, dNm | 15,0-21,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
| ts1, min | 2,2-4,5 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’50, min | 7,0-12,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’90, min | 13,0-21,0 | ASTM D 5289 |
SKS-30 ARKM-27 / SBR-1723
DAE oil-extended rubber stabilized by staining antioxidant. It is widely used in tire, technical rubber goods manufacturing and for other purposes.
| Parameter | Value | Test method |
| Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 (100°C)* | 47-57 | ASTM D 1646 (par. 7.2.2.) |
| Viscosity spread within a batch, a.u., max.* | 6 | – |
| Volatile matter, %, max. (1 hour)* | 0,6 | ASTM D 5668 (met. C) |
| Ash content, %, max.* | 0,6 | ASTM D 5667 (p. A) |
| Bound styrene content, %* | 22-25 | ASTM D 5775 |
| Oil content (DAE), %* | 26-29 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Antioxidant content, %* VS-1 Agidol-2 | 0,3-0,7 0,8-1,5 | Internal method |
| Organic acids content, %* | 4,0-5,6 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Organic acids soaps content, %, max.* | 0,3 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Rheometric properties** | Value | Test method |
| ML, dNm | 1,6-2,3 | ASTM D 5289 |
| MH, dNm | 12,6-16,5 | ASTM D 5289 |
| ts1, min | 3,5-6,5 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’50, min | 6,5-10,5 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’90, min | 15,0-18,5 | ASTM D 5289 |
SKS-1739 / SBR-1739
Special-purpose rubber, TDAE oil-extended, stabilized by staining antioxidant. It is used in production of high speed automobile tires and heat-resistant conveyor belts.
| Parameter | Value | Test method |
| Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 (100°C)* | 50-60 | ASTM D 1646 (par. 7.2.2.) |
| Viscosity spread within a batch, a.u., max.* | 6 | – |
| Volatile matter, %, max. (1 hour)* | 0,75 | ASTM D 5668 (met. C) |
| Ash content, %, max.* | 0,6 | ASTM D 5667 (p. A) |
| Bound styrene content, %* | 38,5-41,5 | ASTM D 5775 |
| Oil content (TDAE), %* | 25-29 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Antioxidant content, %* VS-1 Agidol-2 | 0,3-0,7 0,6-1,2 | Internal method |
| Organic acids content, %* | 4,0-6,0 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Organic acids soaps content, %, max.* | 0,4 | ASTM D 5774 |
| Rheometric properties** | Value | Test method |
| ML, dNm | 1,1-3,1 | ASTM D 5289 |
| MH, dNm | 13,3-18,3 | ASTM D 5289 |
| ts1, min | 2,9-4,9 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’50, min | 6,2-9,2 | ASTM D 5289 |
| t’90, min | 12,6-16,6 | ASTM D 5289 |
* – specified in the certificate of quality (CoA)
** – non-rejectable. Preparation of rubber mixes is carried out in accordance with ASTMD 3185 recipe 1А, mixing – according to method A. Mixing mills are prepared according to ASTM D 3182. Rheometric properties are determined according to ASTM D 5289 using an MDR 2000 rheometer (flow meter). Wait time for rubber mix before testing is 2-6 hours.
Each of above described rubbers having declared properties are REACH registered. Rubber briquettes (bales) of 30,0+/-1,0 kg are packaged in marked PE film (thickness of 0.05+/-0.01 mm, melting temperature of 108-112°С), then – in plastic box pallets of 450 kg or in plywood containers of 1080 kg, or metal containers of 1260 kg. Bales are yellow to dark-yellow (brownish) coloured and should not contain any foreign impurities. Guaranteed shelf life is one year from manufacturing date and after its expiration the rubber can be used for its intended purpose after confirmation of conformity to the requirements of this product specification. Storage at a temperature not exceeding 30°С in dry place free from direct sunlight is recommended.
Synthetic rubber (IR)
Cis-polyisopren is also produced synthetically by solution method involving stereospecific complex catalysts. Monomer is dissolved in chosen solvent and generated polymer precipitates in form of particles with increase in degree of polymerization. After addition of the stabilizer into solution, water treatment (washing) and distilling of the solvent, yielded polymer is subjected to drying and pressing into bales. Synthesis of the product and its final parameters may be efficiently controled, i.a. obtaining of low dispersity of the molecular weight is possible. Grades offered are stabilized by staining antioxidant. IR synthetic rubbers are popular in manufacturing of passenger car, motorcycle and bike tires, as well as in technical rubber goods.
| Parameter | SKI-3 (titanium) | SKI-5 (neodymium) | Test method |
| Appearance | From brown to bluish-green, black | From light-grey to bluish-green, black | – |
| Content of cis-1,4 units %, min. | 96 | 98 | – |
| Mooney viscosity ML 1+4 (100°C)* | 65-74 | 65-74 | ASTM D 1646 |
| Viscosity spread within a batch, a.u., max.* | 5 | 5 | – |
| Volatile matter, %, max. (1 hour)* | 0,8 | 0,7 | ASTM D 5668 |
| Stearic acid content, %* | 0,6-1,4 | 0,6-1,4 | FR method |
| Ash content, %, max.* | 0,5 | 0,5 | ASTM D 5667 |
| Antioxidant content S789, %, min.* | 0,15 | 0,15 | FR method |
| Rheometric properties** | Value | Value | Test method |
| ML, dNm | 1,0-2,0 | 1,1,-2,0 | ASTM D 5298 |
| MH, dNm | 11,0-15,0 | 11,0-16,0 | ASTM D 5298 |
| ts1, min | 1,4-2,6 | 1,3-2,7 | ASTM D 5298 |
| t’50, min | 3,2-4,8 | 3,0-4,5 | ASTM D 5298 |
| t’90, min | 5,5-7,5 | 5,5-8,0 | ASTM D 5298 |
* – specified in the certificate of quality (CoA)
** – non-rejectable. Preparation of rubber mixes is carried out in accordance with ASTM D 3403-07, mixing – according to С method (on the roll mills). Roll mills are prepared according to ASTM D 3182-07. Vulcanization characteristics are determined according to ASTM D 5289 using an MDR 2000 rheometer (flow meter). Wait time for rubber mix before testing is 2-6 hours.
Each of above described rubbers having declared properties are REACH registered. Rubber briquettes (bales) 30,0+/-1,0 kg are packaged in marked PE film (thickness of 0.05+/-0.01 mm, melting temperature of 108-112°С), then – in plastic box pallets of 540 kg, plywood or metal containers of 1260 kg. Bales should not contain any foreign impurities. Guaranteed shelf life is two years from manufacturing date and after its expiration the rubber can be used for its intended purpose after confirmation of conformity to the requirements of this product specification. Storage at a temperature not exceeding 30°С in dry place free from direct sunlight is recommended.